diff --git a/generate-sef.sh b/generate-sef.sh
index 769e659..7f8534f 100644
--- a/generate-sef.sh
+++ b/generate-sef.sh
@@ -36,3 +36,6 @@ fi
 mkdir -p dist/vocabs
 cp vocabs/*.rdf dist/vocabs/
 echo "✓ Vocabularies copied to dist/vocabs/"
+
+cp src/translations.rdf dist/
+echo "✓ Translations copied to dist/"
diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
index c45d8bb..e902548 100644
--- a/index.html
+++ b/index.html
@@ -9,13 +9,14 @@
 		  <script type="text/javascript" src="lib/xml-c14n-sync.js"></script>
 		  <script type="text/javascript">
 				window.onload = function() {
-					// preload the vocabulary documents into the SaxonJS document pool,
-					// so doc() resolves them synchronously during initialization
+					// preload the vocabulary documents and the string catalog into the SaxonJS
+					// document pool, so doc() resolves them synchronously during initialization
 					const vocabs = ["vocabs/foaf.rdf", "vocabs/dcterms.rdf"];
-					Promise.all(vocabs.map(href =>
-							SaxonJS.getResource({ location: href, type: "xml" })))
-						.then(resources => {
+					Promise.all([SaxonJS.getResource({ location: "src/translations.rdf", type: "xml" }), ...vocabs.map(href =>
+							SaxonJS.getResource({ location: href, type: "xml" }))])
+						.then(([catalog, ...resources]) => {
 							const pool = {};
+							pool[new URL("dist/translations.rdf", document.baseURI).href] = catalog;   // the catalog resolves against the SEF, the vocabularies against this page
 							vocabs.forEach((href, i) =>
 								pool[new URL(href, document.baseURI).href] = resources[i]);
 							return SaxonJS.transform({
diff --git a/src/annotate.xsl b/src/annotate.xsl
index 6d40458..53ae31e 100644
--- a/src/annotate.xsl
+++ b/src/annotate.xsl
@@ -30,6 +30,15 @@ version="3.0">
                 intersect (descendant::* | self::*[@property]))[last()]"/>
         <xsl:sequence select="ixsl:call($event, 'preventDefault', [])[current-date() lt xs:date('2000-01-01')]"/>
 
+        <!-- MUST come before rdfae:populate-form, which reaches the form by id() and so does nothing at all -
+             silently, over an empty sequence - when a host has re-rendered the page DOM and dropped the
+             overlay. rdfae:show-overlay rebuilds it too, but it runs after populate, so the dialog opened
+             blank in exactly that case. It keeps its own guard as the backstop for callers that reach it
+             without going through this handler -->
+        <xsl:if test="empty(id($rdfae:overlay-id, ixsl:page()))">
+            <xsl:call-template name="rdfae:init-overlay"/>
+        </xsl:if>
+
         <xsl:choose>
             <!-- edit mode -->
             <xsl:when test="exists($annotation)">
@@ -85,11 +94,10 @@ version="3.0">
     <xsl:function name="rdfae:selection-valid" as="xs:boolean">
         <xsl:param name="range"/>
 
-        <xsl:variable name="start" select="ixsl:get($range, 'startContainer')"/>
-        <xsl:variable name="end" select="ixsl:get($range, 'endContainer')"/>
-        <xsl:sequence select="ixsl:call($start, 'isSameNode', [ $end ])
-            or (ixsl:get($start, 'nodeType') = 3 and ixsl:get($end, 'nodeType') = 3
-                and ixsl:call(ixsl:get($start, 'parentNode'), 'isSameNode', [ ixsl:get($end, 'parentNode') ]))"/>
+        <xsl:variable name="start" select="ixsl:get($range, 'startContainer')" as="node()?"/>
+        <xsl:variable name="end" select="ixsl:get($range, 'endContainer')" as="node()?"/>
+        <xsl:sequence select="$start is $end
+            or ($start instance of text() and $end instance of text() and $start/.. is $end/..)"/>
     </xsl:function>
 
     <!-- the single write path for RDFa attributes, shared by create and edit. No modes:
@@ -187,7 +195,7 @@ version="3.0">
     <xsl:template name="rdfae:unwrap-element">
         <xsl:param name="element" as="element()"/>
 
-        <xsl:variable name="parent" select="ixsl:get($element, 'parentNode')"/>
+        <xsl:variable name="parent" select="$element/.." as="node()"/>
         <xsl:for-each select="1 to xs:integer(ixsl:get($element, 'childNodes.length'))">
             <xsl:sequence select="ixsl:call($parent, 'insertBefore', [ ixsl:get($element, 'firstChild'), $element ])[current-date() lt xs:date('2000-01-01')]"/>
         </xsl:for-each>
@@ -275,8 +283,8 @@ version="3.0">
                 <div id="output-modal" class="rdfa-editor-ui" style="display: none;">
                     <div class="modal-content">
                         <span class="modal-close">&#215;</span>
-                        <h3 id="output-title">Output</h3>
-                        <button id="output-download" type="button" style="display: none;">Download</button>
+                        <h3 id="output-title"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('output')"/></h3>
+                        <button id="output-download" type="button" style="display: none;"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('download')"/></button>
                         <pre id="output-content"/>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -336,7 +344,7 @@ version="3.0">
         </xsl:variable>
 
         <xsl:call-template name="rdfae:show-output">
-            <xsl:with-param name="title" select="'Extracted RDF/XML'"/>
+            <xsl:with-param name="title" select="rdfae:label('extracted-rdfxml')"/>
             <xsl:with-param name="text" select="serialize(rdfae:group-triples($rdf), map{ 'method': 'xml', 'indent': true() })"/>
             <xsl:with-param name="filename" select="'content.rdf'"/>
             <xsl:with-param name="media-type" select="'application/rdf+xml'"/>
@@ -351,7 +359,8 @@ version="3.0">
 
     <!-- clicking the backdrop (not the content) closes the modal -->
     <xsl:template match="div[@id = 'output-modal']" mode="ixsl:onclick">
-        <xsl:if test="ixsl:call(ixsl:get(ixsl:event(), 'target'), 'isSameNode', [ . ])">
+        <xsl:variable name="target" select="ixsl:get(ixsl:event(), 'target')" as="node()?"/>
+        <xsl:if test="$target is .">
             <ixsl:set-style name="display" select="'none'"/>
         </xsl:if>
     </xsl:template>
diff --git a/src/classes.xsl b/src/classes.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8acf693
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/classes.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<xsl:stylesheet
+xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
+xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+xmlns:rdfae="https://w3id.org/atomgraph/rdfa-editor#"
+exclude-result-prefixes="#all"
+version="3.0">
+
+<!--
+    The classes the editor's chrome wears, as opposed to the ones it runs on. A host
+    with a design system of its own redeclares these and its buttons and helper text
+    join the rest of its UI, without forking the templates that emit them.
+
+    Only presentational tokens belong here. Everything else the editor emits is
+    load-bearing - rdfa-editor-content, slash-item, typeahead-input, remove-action
+    and the rest are what its own ixsl:on* rules match on and its stylesheets select,
+    so a host that changed them would break dispatch rather than restyle anything.
+    The defaults are what the editor's own CSS styles, so a standalone editor looks
+    the same whether or not a host configures anything.
+-->
+
+    <xsl:param name="button-primary-class" as="xs:string" select="'btn-primary'"/>
+
+    <xsl:param name="button-secondary-class" as="xs:string" select="'btn-secondary'"/>
+
+    <xsl:param name="button-danger-class" as="xs:string" select="'btn-danger'"/>
+
+    <xsl:param name="helper-text-class" as="xs:string" select="'helper-text'"/>
+
+    <xsl:param name="checkbox-label-class" as="xs:string" select="'checkbox-label'"/>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/src/edit.xsl b/src/edit.xsl
index d4c9019..5d8239b 100644
--- a/src/edit.xsl
+++ b/src/edit.xsl
@@ -550,9 +550,9 @@ version="3.0">
         <xsl:if test="empty($block/*[@data-role = 'chrome'])">
             <xsl:variable name="chrome" as="element()" select="rdfae:element('span')"/>
             <ixsl:set-attribute name="data-role" select="'chrome'" object="$chrome"/>
-            <ixsl:set-attribute name="class" select="'drag-handle'" object="$chrome"/>
+            <ixsl:set-attribute name="class" select="'rdfa-editor-drag-handle'" object="$chrome"/>
             <ixsl:set-attribute name="contenteditable" select="'false'" object="$chrome"/>
-            <ixsl:set-attribute name="title" select="'Drag to reorder'" object="$chrome"/>
+            <ixsl:set-attribute name="title" select="rdfae:label('drag-to-reorder')" object="$chrome"/>
             <ixsl:set-property name="textContent" select="'&#x283F;'" object="$chrome"/>
             <xsl:sequence select="ixsl:call($block, 'prepend', [ $chrome ])[current-date() lt xs:date('2000-01-01')]"/>
         </xsl:if>
@@ -589,48 +589,48 @@ version="3.0">
     </xsl:template>
 
     <xsl:template name="rdfae:render-toolbar">
-        <div id="edit-toolbar" class="rdfa-editor-ui" role="toolbar" aria-label="Editing toolbar">
-            <div class="tb-group" role="group" aria-label="Block">
-                <select name="block-type" title="Block type" aria-label="Block type">
-                    <option value="p">Paragraph</option>
-                    <option value="h1">Heading 1</option>
-                    <option value="h2">Heading 2</option>
-                    <option value="h3">Heading 3</option>
-                    <option value="pre">Preformatted</option>
+        <div id="edit-toolbar" class="rdfa-editor-ui" role="toolbar" aria-label="{rdfae:label('toolbar')}">
+            <div class="tb-group" role="group" aria-label="{rdfae:label('toolbar-group-block')}">
+                <select name="block-type" title="{rdfae:label('block-type')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('block-type')}">
+                    <option value="p"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('block-paragraph')"/></option>
+                    <option value="h1"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('block-heading-1')"/></option>
+                    <option value="h2"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('block-heading-2')"/></option>
+                    <option value="h3"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('block-heading-3')"/></option>
+                    <option value="pre"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('block-preformatted')"/></option>
                 </select>
             </div>
-            <div class="tb-group" role="group" aria-label="Text">
-                <button type="button" class="format-inline" data-element="strong" aria-pressed="false" title="Bold" aria-label="Bold"><strong>B</strong></button>
-                <button type="button" class="format-inline" data-element="em" aria-pressed="false" title="Italic" aria-label="Italic"><em>I</em></button>
-                <button type="button" class="format-link" aria-pressed="false" title="Link" aria-label="Link">&#x1F517;</button>
+            <div class="tb-group" role="group" aria-label="{rdfae:label('rdfa-object-text')}">
+                <button type="button" class="format-inline" data-element="strong" aria-pressed="false" title="{rdfae:label('bold')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('bold')}"><strong>B</strong></button>
+                <button type="button" class="format-inline" data-element="em" aria-pressed="false" title="{rdfae:label('italic')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('italic')}"><em>I</em></button>
+                <button type="button" class="format-link" aria-pressed="false" title="{rdfae:label('rdfa-object-link')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('rdfa-object-link')}">&#x1F517;</button>
             </div>
-            <div class="tb-group" role="group" aria-label="Blocks">
-                <button type="button" class="insert-block" title="Add paragraph" aria-label="Add paragraph">+ &#xB6;</button>
-                <button type="button" class="insert-list" data-list="ul" aria-pressed="false" title="Bulleted list" aria-label="Bulleted list">&#x2022; List</button>
-                <button type="button" class="insert-list" data-list="ol" aria-pressed="false" title="Numbered list" aria-label="Numbered list">1. List</button>
-                <button type="button" class="format-quote" aria-pressed="false" title="Quote" aria-label="Quote">&#x201C;&#x201D;</button>
+            <div class="tb-group" role="group" aria-label="{rdfae:label('toolbar-group-blocks')}">
+                <button type="button" class="insert-block" title="{rdfae:label('add-paragraph')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('add-paragraph')}">+ &#xB6;</button>
+                <button type="button" class="insert-list" data-list="ul" aria-pressed="false" title="{rdfae:label('bulleted-list')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('bulleted-list')}">&#x2022; List</button>
+                <button type="button" class="insert-list" data-list="ol" aria-pressed="false" title="{rdfae:label('numbered-list')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('numbered-list')}">1. List</button>
+                <button type="button" class="format-quote" aria-pressed="false" title="{rdfae:label('quote')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('quote')}">&#x201C;&#x201D;</button>
             </div>
-            <div class="tb-group" role="group" aria-label="Insert">
-                <button type="button" class="insert-figure" title="Insert figure" aria-label="Insert figure">&#x1F5BC;</button>
-                <button type="button" class="insert-table" title="Insert table" aria-label="Insert table">&#x229E;</button>
+            <div class="tb-group" role="group" aria-label="{rdfae:label('insert')}">
+                <button type="button" class="insert-figure" title="{rdfae:label('insert-figure')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('insert-figure')}">&#x1F5BC;</button>
+                <button type="button" class="insert-table" title="{rdfae:label('insert-table')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('insert-table')}">&#x229E;</button>
                 <xsl:call-template name="rdfae:render-extra-insert-buttons"/>
             </div>
-            <div class="tb-group table-ops" role="group" aria-label="Table operations">
-                <button type="button" class="table-op" data-op="row-above" disabled="disabled" title="Insert row above" aria-label="Insert row above">&#x2191;R</button>
-                <button type="button" class="table-op" data-op="row-below" disabled="disabled" title="Insert row below" aria-label="Insert row below">&#x2193;R</button>
-                <button type="button" class="table-op" data-op="col-left" disabled="disabled" title="Insert column left" aria-label="Insert column left">&#x2190;C</button>
-                <button type="button" class="table-op" data-op="col-right" disabled="disabled" title="Insert column right" aria-label="Insert column right">&#x2192;C</button>
-                <button type="button" class="table-op" data-op="del-row" disabled="disabled" title="Delete row" aria-label="Delete row">&#x2212;R</button>
-                <button type="button" class="table-op" data-op="del-col" disabled="disabled" title="Delete column" aria-label="Delete column">&#x2212;C</button>
+            <div class="tb-group table-ops" role="group" aria-label="{rdfae:label('toolbar-group-table-ops')}">
+                <button type="button" class="table-op" data-op="row-above" disabled="disabled" title="{rdfae:label('insert-row-above')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('insert-row-above')}">&#x2191;R</button>
+                <button type="button" class="table-op" data-op="row-below" disabled="disabled" title="{rdfae:label('insert-row-below')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('insert-row-below')}">&#x2193;R</button>
+                <button type="button" class="table-op" data-op="col-left" disabled="disabled" title="{rdfae:label('insert-column-left')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('insert-column-left')}">&#x2190;C</button>
+                <button type="button" class="table-op" data-op="col-right" disabled="disabled" title="{rdfae:label('insert-column-right')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('insert-column-right')}">&#x2192;C</button>
+                <button type="button" class="table-op" data-op="del-row" disabled="disabled" title="{rdfae:label('delete-row')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('delete-row')}">&#x2212;R</button>
+                <button type="button" class="table-op" data-op="del-col" disabled="disabled" title="{rdfae:label('delete-column')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('delete-column')}">&#x2212;C</button>
             </div>
-            <div class="tb-group" role="group" aria-label="Block actions">
-                <button type="button" class="delete-block" title="Delete block" aria-label="Delete block">&#x2715;</button>
+            <div class="tb-group" role="group" aria-label="{rdfae:label('toolbar-group-block-actions')}">
+                <button type="button" class="delete-block" title="{rdfae:label('delete-block')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('delete-block')}">&#x2715;</button>
             </div>
-            <div class="tb-group" role="group" aria-label="View">
-                <button type="button" id="toc-toggle" title="Table of contents" aria-label="Table of contents">&#x2630;</button>
-                <button type="button" id="inspector-toggle" title="Properties" aria-label="Subject properties">&#x24C5;</button>
-                <button type="button" id="find-open" title="Find and replace" aria-label="Find and replace">&#x1F50D;</button>
-                <button type="button" id="view-source" title="Canonical XHTML+RDFa" aria-label="View canonical source">Source</button>
+            <div class="tb-group" role="group" aria-label="{rdfae:label('view')}">
+                <button type="button" id="toc-toggle" title="{rdfae:label('table-of-contents')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('table-of-contents')}">&#x2630;</button>
+                <button type="button" id="inspector-toggle" title="{rdfae:label('properties')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('subject-properties')}">&#x24C5;</button>
+                <button type="button" id="find-open" title="{rdfae:label('find-and-replace')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('find-and-replace')}">&#x1F50D;</button>
+                <button type="button" id="view-source" title="{rdfae:label('canonical-xhtml-rdfa')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('view-canonical-source')}"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('source')"/></button>
             </div>
         </div>
     </xsl:template>
@@ -896,7 +896,8 @@ version="3.0">
         <xsl:variable name="key" as="xs:string" select="string(ixsl:get($event, 'key'))"/>
         <xsl:variable name="chord" as="xs:boolean"
             select="(ixsl:get($event, 'ctrlKey') or ixsl:get($event, 'metaKey')) and not(ixsl:get($event, 'altKey'))"/>
-        <xsl:if test="ixsl:call(ixsl:get($event, 'target'), 'isSameNode', [ . ])">
+        <xsl:variable name="target" select="ixsl:get($event, 'target')" as="node()?"/>
+        <xsl:if test="$target is .">
             <xsl:choose>
                 <xsl:when test="$chord and lower-case($key) = 'z' and not(ixsl:get($event, 'shiftKey'))">
                     <xsl:sequence select="ixsl:call($event, 'preventDefault', [])[current-date() lt xs:date('2000-01-01')]"/>
@@ -1193,7 +1194,7 @@ version="3.0">
 
         <xsl:sequence select="ixsl:call($range, 'insertNode', [ $node ])[current-date() lt xs:date('2000-01-01')]"/>
         <xsl:call-template name="rdfae:place-caret">
-            <xsl:with-param name="node" select="ixsl:get($node, 'parentNode')"/>
+            <xsl:with-param name="node" select="$node/.."/>
             <xsl:with-param name="offset" select="count($node/preceding-sibling::node()) + 1"/>
         </xsl:call-template>
     </xsl:template>
@@ -1710,7 +1711,7 @@ version="3.0">
                 <xsl:sequence select="ixsl:call($range, 'insertNode', [ $fragment ])[current-date() lt xs:date('2000-01-01')]"/>
                 <xsl:for-each select="$last">
                     <xsl:call-template name="rdfae:place-caret">
-                        <xsl:with-param name="node" select="ixsl:get(., 'parentNode')"/>
+                        <xsl:with-param name="node" select=".."/>
                         <xsl:with-param name="offset" select="count(preceding-sibling::node()) + 1"/>
                     </xsl:call-template>
                 </xsl:for-each>
@@ -2086,7 +2087,7 @@ version="3.0">
     <xsl:template match="button[contains-token(@class, 'delete-block')]" mode="ixsl:onclick">
         <xsl:for-each select="rdfae:current-block()">
             <xsl:variable name="confirmed" as="xs:boolean" select="rdfae:block-text(.) = ''
-                or ixsl:call(ixsl:window(), 'confirm', [ 'Delete this block?' ])"/>
+                or ixsl:call(ixsl:window(), 'confirm', [ rdfae:label('confirm-delete-block') ])"/>
             <xsl:if test="$confirmed">
                 <xsl:call-template name="rdfae:push-undo"/>
                 <xsl:variable name="prev" as="element()?" select="preceding-sibling::*[1]"/>
@@ -2141,13 +2142,13 @@ version="3.0">
 
     <xsl:template name="rdfae:render-link-dialog">
         <div id="link-dialog" class="rdfa-editor-ui edit-dialog" role="dialog" aria-modal="true"
-                aria-label="Link" style="display: none;">
-            <label>Link target (href)</label>
-            <input type="text" name="href" placeholder="https://..."/>
+                aria-label="{rdfae:label('rdfa-object-link')}" style="display: none;">
+            <label for="link-href"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('link-href')"/></label>
+            <input type="text" id="link-href" name="href" placeholder="https://..."/>
             <div class="action-buttons">
-                <button type="button" class="btn-danger link-remove" style="display: none;">Remove link</button>
-                <button type="button" class="btn-primary link-save">Save</button>
-                <button type="button" class="btn-secondary link-cancel">Cancel</button>
+                <button type="button" class="{$button-danger-class} link-remove" style="display: none;"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('remove-link')"/></button>
+                <button type="button" class="{$button-primary-class} link-save"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('save')"/></button>
+                <button type="button" class="{$button-secondary-class} link-cancel"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('cancel')"/></button>
             </div>
         </div>
     </xsl:template>
@@ -2275,16 +2276,16 @@ version="3.0">
 
     <xsl:template name="rdfae:render-figure-dialog">
         <div id="figure-dialog" class="rdfa-editor-ui edit-dialog" role="dialog" aria-modal="true"
-                aria-label="Insert figure" style="display: none;">
-            <label>Image URL (src)</label>
-            <input type="text" name="src" placeholder="https://... or relative path"/>
-            <label>Alternate text (alt)</label>
-            <input type="text" name="alt"/>
-            <label>Caption</label>
-            <input type="text" name="caption"/>
+                aria-label="{rdfae:label('insert-figure')}" style="display: none;">
+            <label for="figure-src"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('figure-src')"/></label>
+            <input type="text" id="figure-src" name="src" placeholder="{rdfae:label('figure-src-placeholder')}"/>
+            <label for="figure-alt"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('figure-alt')"/></label>
+            <input type="text" id="figure-alt" name="alt"/>
+            <label for="figure-caption"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('caption')"/></label>
+            <input type="text" id="figure-caption" name="caption"/>
             <div class="action-buttons">
-                <button type="button" class="btn-primary figure-save">Insert</button>
-                <button type="button" class="btn-secondary figure-cancel">Cancel</button>
+                <button type="button" class="{$button-primary-class} figure-save"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('insert')"/></button>
+                <button type="button" class="{$button-secondary-class} figure-cancel"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('cancel')"/></button>
             </div>
         </div>
     </xsl:template>
@@ -2325,13 +2326,13 @@ version="3.0">
     <!-- ported from LinkedDataHub client/block.xsl; handle-gated draggable because a
          permanently draggable contenteditable block breaks text selection -->
 
-    <xsl:template match="span[contains-token(@class, 'drag-handle')]" mode="ixsl:onmousedown">
+    <xsl:template match="span[contains-token(@class, 'rdfa-editor-drag-handle')]" mode="ixsl:onmousedown">
         <xsl:for-each select="rdfae:handle-block(.)">
             <ixsl:set-attribute name="draggable" select="'true'"/>
         </xsl:for-each>
     </xsl:template>
 
-    <xsl:template match="span[contains-token(@class, 'drag-handle')]" mode="ixsl:onmouseup">
+    <xsl:template match="span[contains-token(@class, 'rdfa-editor-drag-handle')]" mode="ixsl:onmouseup">
         <xsl:for-each select="rdfae:handle-block(.)">
             <ixsl:remove-attribute name="draggable"/>
         </xsl:for-each>
@@ -2575,7 +2576,7 @@ version="3.0">
             </xsl:call-template>
         </xsl:variable>
         <xsl:call-template name="rdfae:show-output">
-            <xsl:with-param name="title" select="'Canonical XHTML+RDFa'"/>
+            <xsl:with-param name="title" select="rdfae:label('canonical-xhtml-rdfa')"/>
             <xsl:with-param name="text" select="rdfae:canonicalize-xml(parse-xml(serialize($canonical, map{ 'method': 'xml' })))"/>
             <xsl:with-param name="filename" select="'content.xhtml'"/>
             <xsl:with-param name="media-type" select="'application/xhtml+xml'"/>
diff --git a/src/index.xsl b/src/index.xsl
index ae7e71e..9a3e614 100644
--- a/src/index.xsl
+++ b/src/index.xsl
@@ -27,8 +27,12 @@ version="3.0">
     - tables.xsl           table blocks: insert dialog, row/column operations, cell traversal
     - select.xsl           region-scoped select-all and cross-host selection delete
     - input.xsl            input triggers: slash menu and markdown shorthands
+    - translations.xsl     the string catalog every emitter reads its labels from
+    - classes.xsl          the presentational classes its chrome wears, for a host to restyle
 -->
 
+    <xsl:include href="classes.xsl"/>
+    <xsl:include href="translations.xsl"/>
     <xsl:include href="RDFa2RDFXML-v3.xsl"/>
     <xsl:include href="group-sort-triples.xsl"/>
     <xsl:include href="content-model.xsl"/>
@@ -60,7 +64,7 @@ version="3.0">
          LinkedDataHub's window.LinkedDataHub); reached everywhere via rdfae:editor-state().
          Hosts with their own initial template call this from there instead of main -->
     <xsl:template name="rdfae:init-state">
-        <xsl:variable name="state" select="ixsl:call(ixsl:window(), 'Object', [])"/>
+        <xsl:variable name="state" select="ixsl:new('Object', [])"/>
         <ixsl:set-property name="rdfaEditor" select="$state" object="ixsl:window()"/>
         <xsl:for-each select="('editingSpan', 'range', 'activeBlock', 'draggedBlock',
                 'editRange', 'editingLink', 'insertHost', 'lastUndoHost',
diff --git a/src/input.xsl b/src/input.xsl
index 4f8fd2e..8405079 100644
--- a/src/input.xsl
+++ b/src/input.xsl
@@ -222,19 +222,19 @@ version="3.0">
     <!-- ................................ slash menu ................................ -->
 
     <xsl:template name="rdfae:render-slash-menu">
-        <div id="slash-menu" class="rdfa-editor-ui" role="listbox" aria-label="Insert block" style="display: none;">
-            <input type="text" class="slash-filter" placeholder="Filter blocks..." aria-label="Filter blocks"/>
+        <div id="slash-menu" class="rdfa-editor-ui" role="listbox" aria-label="{rdfae:label('insert-block')}" style="display: none;">
+            <input type="text" class="slash-filter" placeholder="{rdfae:label('filter-blocks-placeholder')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('filter-blocks')}"/>
             <ul class="slash-items">
-                <li class="slash-item" data-command="p" role="option">Paragraph</li>
-                <li class="slash-item" data-command="h1" role="option">Heading 1</li>
-                <li class="slash-item" data-command="h2" role="option">Heading 2</li>
-                <li class="slash-item" data-command="h3" role="option">Heading 3</li>
-                <li class="slash-item" data-command="blockquote" role="option">Quote</li>
-                <li class="slash-item" data-command="pre" role="option">Code</li>
-                <li class="slash-item" data-command="ul" role="option">Bulleted list</li>
-                <li class="slash-item" data-command="ol" role="option">Numbered list</li>
-                <li class="slash-item" data-command="figure" role="option">Figure&#x2026;</li>
-                <li class="slash-item" data-command="table" role="option">Table&#x2026;</li>
+                <li class="slash-item" data-command="p" role="option"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('block-paragraph')"/></li>
+                <li class="slash-item" data-command="h1" role="option"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('block-heading-1')"/></li>
+                <li class="slash-item" data-command="h2" role="option"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('block-heading-2')"/></li>
+                <li class="slash-item" data-command="h3" role="option"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('block-heading-3')"/></li>
+                <li class="slash-item" data-command="blockquote" role="option"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('quote')"/></li>
+                <li class="slash-item" data-command="pre" role="option"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('code')"/></li>
+                <li class="slash-item" data-command="ul" role="option"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('bulleted-list')"/></li>
+                <li class="slash-item" data-command="ol" role="option"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('numbered-list')"/></li>
+                <li class="slash-item" data-command="figure" role="option"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('figure-ellipsis')"/></li>
+                <li class="slash-item" data-command="table" role="option"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('table-ellipsis')"/></li>
                 <!-- extension items (dispatched via rdfae:run-extra-slash-command;
                      the generic filter/arrow/Enter machinery applies untouched) -->
                 <xsl:call-template name="rdfae:render-extra-slash-items"/>
diff --git a/src/ldh-blocks.xsl b/src/ldh-blocks.xsl
index 4d8636e..a92da0a 100644
--- a/src/ldh-blocks.xsl
+++ b/src/ldh-blocks.xsl
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ version="3.0">
         <xsl:param name="error" as="item()?"/>
         <xsl:call-template name="rdfae:block-render-error">
             <xsl:with-param name="island" select="$island"/>
-            <xsl:with-param name="message" select="'Failed to load block data'"/>
+            <xsl:with-param name="message" select="rdfae:label('failed-to-load-block-data')"/>
         </xsl:call-template>
     </xsl:function>
 
@@ -285,58 +285,58 @@ version="3.0">
 
     <xsl:template name="rdfae:render-extra-dialogs">
         <div id="ldh-block-dialog" class="rdfa-editor-ui edit-dialog" role="dialog" aria-modal="true"
-                aria-label="Insert block" style="display: none;">
-            <label>Block type</label>
+                aria-label="{rdfae:label('insert-block')}" style="display: none;">
+            <label><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('block-type')"/></label>
             <select name="block-type-iri">
-                <option value="https://w3id.org/atomgraph/rdfa-editor#reference">Resource</option>
-                <option value="&ldh;View">View</option>
-                <option value="&ldh;ResultSetChart">Result set chart</option>
+                <option value="https://w3id.org/atomgraph/rdfa-editor#reference"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('resource')"/></option>
+                <option value="&ldh;View"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('view')"/></option>
+                <option value="&ldh;ResultSetChart"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('result-set-chart')"/></option>
             </select>
             <!-- a reference block IS the referenced resource: its absolute URI
                  goes straight into @about, no fragment id and no wrapper node -->
             <div class="ldh-fields ldh-fields-reference">
-                <label>Resource URI</label>
+                <label><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('resource-uri')"/></label>
                 <input type="text" name="reference-uri" placeholder="http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ada_Lovelace"/>
             </div>
             <!-- defined blocks are document parts: fragment @about + @typeof -->
             <div class="ldh-fields ldh-fields-frag" style="display: none;">
-                <label>Fragment id</label>
+                <label><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('fragment-id')"/></label>
                 <input type="text" name="about" placeholder="#chart-1"/>
             </div>
             <div class="ldh-fields ldh-fields-view" style="display: none;">
-                <label>Query URI</label>
+                <label><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('query-uri')"/></label>
                 <input type="text" name="view-query"/>
-                <label>Mode URI (optional)</label>
+                <label><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('mode-uri-optional')"/></label>
                 <input type="text" name="view-mode"/>
             </div>
             <div class="ldh-fields ldh-fields-chart" style="display: none;">
-                <label>Query URI</label>
+                <label><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('query-uri')"/></label>
                 <input type="text" name="chart-query"/>
-                <label>Chart type</label>
+                <label><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('chart-type')"/></label>
                 <select name="chart-type">
-                    <option value="&ac;Table">Table</option>
-                    <option value="&ac;BarChart">Bar chart</option>
-                    <option value="&ac;LineChart">Line chart</option>
-                    <option value="&ac;ScatterChart">Scatter chart</option>
+                    <option value="&ac;Table"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('chart-table')"/></option>
+                    <option value="&ac;BarChart"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('chart-bar')"/></option>
+                    <option value="&ac;LineChart"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('chart-line')"/></option>
+                    <option value="&ac;ScatterChart"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('chart-scatter')"/></option>
                 </select>
-                <label>Category variable</label>
+                <label><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('chart-category-var')"/></label>
                 <input type="text" name="chart-category"/>
-                <label>Series variable</label>
+                <label><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('chart-series-var')"/></label>
                 <input type="text" name="chart-series"/>
             </div>
             <div class="action-buttons">
-                <button type="button" class="btn-primary ldh-block-save">Insert</button>
-                <button type="button" class="btn-secondary ldh-block-cancel">Cancel</button>
+                <button type="button" class="{$button-primary-class} ldh-block-save"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('insert')"/></button>
+                <button type="button" class="{$button-secondary-class} ldh-block-cancel"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('cancel')"/></button>
             </div>
         </div>
     </xsl:template>
 
     <xsl:template name="rdfae:render-extra-insert-buttons">
-        <button type="button" class="insert-ldh-block" title="Insert block" aria-label="Insert LinkedDataHub block">&#x25A6;</button>
+        <button type="button" class="insert-ldh-block" title="{rdfae:label('insert-block')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('insert-block')}">&#x25A6;</button>
     </xsl:template>
 
     <xsl:template name="rdfae:render-extra-slash-items">
-        <li class="slash-item" data-command="ldh-block" role="option">Block&#x2026;</li>
+        <li class="slash-item" data-command="ldh-block" role="option"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('block-ellipsis')"/></li>
     </xsl:template>
 
     <!-- reset to the reference defaults (mirrors the figure/table openers) -->
diff --git a/src/navigate.xsl b/src/navigate.xsl
index 980228b..49a3069 100644
--- a/src/navigate.xsl
+++ b/src/navigate.xsl
@@ -24,23 +24,23 @@ version="3.0">
     <xsl:template name="rdfae:init-navigate">
         <xsl:for-each select="ixsl:page()//body">
             <xsl:result-document href="?." method="ixsl:append-content">
-                <aside id="toc-drawer" class="rdfa-editor-ui" role="navigation" aria-label="Table of contents" style="display: none;">
-                    <button type="button" id="toc-close" class="toc-close" title="Close" aria-label="Close table of contents">&#215;</button>
-                    <h2>Contents</h2>
+                <aside id="toc-drawer" class="rdfa-editor-ui" role="navigation" aria-label="{rdfae:label('table-of-contents')}" style="display: none;">
+                    <button type="button" id="toc-close" class="toc-close" title="{rdfae:label('close')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('close-table-of-contents')}">&#215;</button>
+                    <h2><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('contents')"/></h2>
                     <div id="toc-list"/>
                 </aside>
-                <aside id="inspector-drawer" class="rdfa-editor-ui" role="complementary" aria-label="Subject properties" style="display: none;">
-                    <button type="button" id="inspector-close" class="inspector-close" title="Close" aria-label="Close properties">&#215;</button>
-                    <h2>Properties</h2>
+                <aside id="inspector-drawer" class="rdfa-editor-ui" role="complementary" aria-label="{rdfae:label('subject-properties')}" style="display: none;">
+                    <button type="button" id="inspector-close" class="inspector-close" title="{rdfae:label('close')}" aria-label="{rdfae:label('close-properties')}">&#215;</button>
+                    <h2><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('properties')"/></h2>
                     <div id="inspector-subject"/>
                     <div id="inspector-body"/>
                 </aside>
-                <footer id="rdfa-editor-breadcrumb" class="rdfa-editor-ui" role="navigation" aria-label="Document position">
+                <footer id="rdfa-editor-breadcrumb" class="rdfa-editor-ui" role="navigation" aria-label="{rdfae:label('document-position')}">
                     <div id="rdfa-editor-breadcrumb-path"/>
                     <div id="rdfa-editor-breadcrumb-meta">
                         <span id="rdfa-editor-breadcrumb-subject"/>
                         <button type="button" id="lint-badge" class="lint-badge"
-                            aria-label="RDFa validation issues" style="display: none;"/>
+                            aria-label="{rdfae:label('rdfa-validation-issues')}" style="display: none;"/>
                     </div>
                 </footer>
                 <xsl:call-template name="rdfae:render-find-dialog"/>
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ version="3.0">
                         </xsl:call-template>
                     </xsl:when>
                     <xsl:otherwise>
-                        <p class="helper-text">No headings yet.</p>
+                        <p class="{$helper-text-class}"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('no-headings')"/></p>
                     </xsl:otherwise>
                 </xsl:choose>
             </xsl:result-document>
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ version="3.0">
                             </xsl:for-each>
                         </xsl:when>
                         <xsl:otherwise>
-                            <p class="helper-text">No properties on this subject.</p>
+                            <p class="{$helper-text-class}"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('no-subject-properties')"/></p>
                         </xsl:otherwise>
                     </xsl:choose>
                 </xsl:result-document>
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ version="3.0">
             select="rdfae:roots() ! lint:lintable(.) ! (lint:element-issues(.), lint:nesting-issues(.))
                 ! (string(@code) || ' &#x2014; ' || normalize-space(string(.)))"/>
         <xsl:call-template name="rdfae:show-output">
-            <xsl:with-param name="title" select="'Validation issues'"/>
+            <xsl:with-param name="title" select="rdfae:label('validation-issues')"/>
             <xsl:with-param name="text" select="string-join($lines, '&#10;')"/>
         </xsl:call-template>
     </xsl:template>
@@ -517,21 +517,21 @@ version="3.0">
 
     <xsl:template name="rdfae:render-find-dialog">
         <div id="find-dialog" class="rdfa-editor-ui edit-dialog" role="dialog" aria-modal="true"
-                aria-label="Find and replace" style="display: none;">
-            <label>Find</label>
-            <input type="text" name="find"/>
-            <label>Replace with</label>
-            <input type="text" name="replace"/>
-            <label class="checkbox-label">
-                <input type="checkbox" name="match-case"/> Match case
+                aria-label="{rdfae:label('find-and-replace')}" style="display: none;">
+            <label for="find-text"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('find')"/></label>
+            <input type="text" id="find-text" name="find"/>
+            <label for="find-replace"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('replace-with')"/></label>
+            <input type="text" id="find-replace" name="replace"/>
+            <label class="{$checkbox-label-class}">
+                <input type="checkbox" name="match-case"/><xsl:text> </xsl:text><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('match-case')"/>
             </label>
             <div class="action-buttons">
-                <button type="button" class="btn-primary find-next">Find next</button>
-                <button type="button" class="btn-secondary replace-current">Replace</button>
-                <button type="button" class="btn-secondary replace-all">Replace all</button>
-                <button type="button" class="btn-secondary find-close">Close</button>
+                <button type="button" class="{$button-primary-class} find-next"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('find-next')"/></button>
+                <button type="button" class="{$button-secondary-class} replace-current"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('replace')"/></button>
+                <button type="button" class="{$button-secondary-class} replace-all"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('replace-all')"/></button>
+                <button type="button" class="{$button-secondary-class} find-close"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('close')"/></button>
             </div>
-            <span id="find-status" class="helper-text"/>
+            <span id="find-status" class="{$helper-text-class}"/>
         </div>
     </xsl:template>
 
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ version="3.0">
         <xsl:choose>
             <xsl:when test="$query = ''">
                 <xsl:call-template name="rdfae:find-status">
-                    <xsl:with-param name="message" select="'Enter a search term.'"/>
+                    <xsl:with-param name="message" select="rdfae:label('enter-search-term')"/>
                 </xsl:call-template>
             </xsl:when>
             <xsl:otherwise>
@@ -595,7 +595,7 @@ version="3.0">
                 <xsl:iterate select="$plan">
                     <xsl:on-completion>
                         <xsl:call-template name="rdfae:find-status">
-                            <xsl:with-param name="message" select="'No matches.'"/>
+                            <xsl:with-param name="message" select="rdfae:label('no-matches')"/>
                         </xsl:call-template>
                         <ixsl:set-property name="findNode" select="()" object="rdfae:editor-state()"/>
                         <ixsl:set-property name="findOffset" select="1" object="rdfae:editor-state()"/>
@@ -613,7 +613,7 @@ version="3.0">
                             <xsl:sequence select="ixsl:call(rdfae:selection(),
                                 'setBaseAndExtent', [ $node, $position - 1, $node,
                                     $position - 1 + string-length($query) ])[current-date() lt xs:date('2000-01-01')]"/>
-                            <xsl:sequence select="ixsl:call(ixsl:get($node, 'parentElement'), 'scrollIntoView',
+                            <xsl:sequence select="ixsl:call($node/parent::*, 'scrollIntoView',
                                 [ map{ 'block': 'center' } ])[current-date() lt xs:date('2000-01-01')]"/>
                             <ixsl:set-property name="findNode" select="$node" object="rdfae:editor-state()"/>
                             <ixsl:set-property name="findOffset"
diff --git a/src/overlay.xsl b/src/overlay.xsl
index cd076d8..549b15f 100644
--- a/src/overlay.xsl
+++ b/src/overlay.xsl
@@ -32,45 +32,45 @@ version="3.0">
     </xsl:template>
 
     <xsl:template name="rdfae:render-overlay">
-        <div id="{$rdfae:overlay-id}" class="rdfa-editor-ui" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-label="RDFa annotation" style="display: none;">
+        <div id="{$rdfae:overlay-id}" class="rdfa-editor-ui" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" aria-label="{rdfae:label('rdfa-annotation')}" style="display: none;">
             <div class="overlay-header">
-                <h3>RDFa Annotation</h3>
+                <h3><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('rdfa-annotation')"/></h3>
             </div>
             <form id="annotation-form">
                 <div class="statement">
-                    <span class="stmt-role" title="Subject">S</span>
+                    <span class="stmt-role" title="{rdfae:label('rdfa-subject')}">S</span>
                     <div id="stmt-subject" class="stmt-value"/>
-                    <span class="stmt-role" title="Predicate">P</span>
+                    <span class="stmt-role" title="{rdfae:label('rdfa-predicate')}">P</span>
                     <div class="stmt-control">
                         <xsl:sequence select="rdfae:typeahead-field('property')"/>
                     </div>
-                    <span class="stmt-role" title="Object">O</span>
+                    <span class="stmt-role" title="{rdfae:label('rdfa-object')}">O</span>
                     <div class="stmt-control">
-                        <input type="text" name="value" placeholder="Literal value"/>
-                        <span class="helper-text">The selected text; change it to emit a machine-readable content value</span>
+                        <input type="text" name="value" placeholder="{rdfae:label('rdfa-value-placeholder')}"/>
+                        <span class="{$helper-text-class}">The selected text; change it to emit a machine-readable content value</span>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
                 <details id="advanced-fields">
-                    <summary>Type, subject &amp; object</summary>
+                    <summary><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('rdfa-advanced-summary')"/></summary>
                     <fieldset>
-                        <label>Entity type (typeof)</label>
+                        <label><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('rdfa-type-typeof')"/></label>
                         <xsl:sequence select="rdfae:typeahead-field('typeof')"/>
-                        <span class="helper-text">Types the annotated resource; without a subject the typed
+                        <span class="{$helper-text-class}">Types the annotated resource; without a subject the typed
                             resource becomes the object of the property (chaining)</span>
                     </fieldset>
                     <fieldset>
-                        <label>Subject (about)</label>
-                        <input type="text" name="subject" placeholder="Overrides the subject in scope"/>
-                        <span class="helper-text">IRI or _:blank-node identifier</span>
+                        <label><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('rdfa-subject-about')"/></label>
+                        <input type="text" name="subject" placeholder="{rdfae:label('rdfa-subject-placeholder')}"/>
+                        <span class="{$helper-text-class}"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('rdfa-subject-help')"/></span>
                     </fieldset>
                     <fieldset>
-                        <label>Object (resource)</label>
-                        <input type="text" name="object" placeholder="Object IRI"/>
-                        <span class="helper-text">Makes the object a resource instead of the literal value</span>
+                        <label><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('rdfa-object-resource')"/></label>
+                        <input type="text" name="object" placeholder="{rdfae:label('rdfa-object-placeholder')}"/>
+                        <span class="{$helper-text-class}"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('rdfa-object-help')"/></span>
                     </fieldset>
                     <fieldset>
-                        <label>Literal type (datatype)</label>
+                        <label><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('rdfa-datatype')"/></label>
                         <select name="datatype">
                             <option value="">(plain literal)</option>
                             <xsl:variable name="xsd" as="xs:string" select="'http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#'"/>
@@ -80,21 +80,21 @@ version="3.0">
                             </xsl:for-each>
                             <option value="{$rdfae:custom}">-- Custom datatype --</option>
                         </select>
-                        <input type="text" name="custom-datatype" placeholder="Datatype IRI" style="display: none;"/>
-                        <span class="helper-text">Types the literal (e.g. xsd:date, xsd:integer);
+                        <input type="text" name="custom-datatype" placeholder="{rdfae:label('rdfa-datatype-placeholder')}" style="display: none;"/>
+                        <span class="{$helper-text-class}">Types the literal (e.g. xsd:date, xsd:integer);
                             mutually exclusive with a language tag</span>
                     </fieldset>
                     <fieldset>
-                        <label>Language (lang)</label>
-                        <input type="text" name="lang" placeholder="e.g. en, fr-CA"/>
-                        <span class="helper-text">Language tag for the literal; ignored when a datatype is set</span>
+                        <label><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('rdfa-language')"/></label>
+                        <input type="text" name="lang" placeholder="{rdfae:label('rdfa-language-placeholder')}"/>
+                        <span class="{$helper-text-class}"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('rdfa-language-help')"/></span>
                     </fieldset>
                 </details>
 
                 <div class="action-buttons">
-                    <button type="button" class="btn-danger remove-action" style="display: none;">Remove</button>
-                    <button type="button" class="btn-primary spo-action">Annotate</button>
-                    <button type="button" class="btn-secondary cancel-action">Cancel</button>
+                    <button type="button" class="{$button-danger-class} remove-action" style="display: none;"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('remove')"/></button>
+                    <button type="button" class="{$button-primary-class} spo-action"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('annotate')"/></button>
+                    <button type="button" class="{$button-secondary-class} cancel-action"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('cancel')"/></button>
                 </div>
             </form>
         </div>
@@ -159,11 +159,10 @@ version="3.0">
             <xsl:for-each select=".//input[@name = 'value']">
                 <ixsl:set-property name="value" select="($value, '')[1]" object="."/>
             </xsl:for-each>
-            <!-- disclose the advanced fields when the annotation carries any of them -->
-            <xsl:for-each select="id('advanced-fields', ixsl:page())">
-                <ixsl:set-property name="open"
-                    select="exists($span/(@about | @resource | @typeof | @datatype | @lang | @xml:lang))" object="."/>
-            </xsl:for-each>
+            <xsl:call-template name="rdfae:reveal-fields">
+                <xsl:with-param name="form" select="$form"/>
+                <xsl:with-param name="span" select="$span"/>
+            </xsl:call-template>
             <!-- datatype and language are mutually exclusive (datatype wins): a datatype
                  on the edited annotation disables the language input -->
             <xsl:for-each select=".//input[@name = 'lang']">
@@ -192,6 +191,24 @@ version="3.0">
         </xsl:for-each>
     </xsl:template>
 
+    <!-- reflect the edited annotation's non-value state into the form's chrome: here, the disclosure
+         that holds the type/subject/object overrides. The one shape-dependent step in populate-form,
+         so it is its own template - a host whose overlay groups those fields differently (tabs, a
+         segmented object switch) overrides this and leaves the rest of the prefill alone -->
+    <xsl:template name="rdfae:reveal-fields">
+        <xsl:param name="form" as="element()"/>
+        <xsl:param name="span" as="element()?"/>
+
+        <xsl:for-each select="id('advanced-fields', ixsl:page())">
+            <ixsl:set-property name="open"
+                select="exists($span/(@about | @resource | @typeof | @datatype | @lang | @xml:lang))" object="."/>
+        </xsl:for-each>
+    </xsl:template>
+
+
+
+
+
     <!-- set a select's value via the live property; an IRI absent from the options
          leaves the select empty, so route it to the custom input instead -->
     <xsl:template name="rdfae:set-select-or-custom">
@@ -272,6 +289,9 @@ version="3.0">
         <xsl:for-each select="id('stmt-subject', ixsl:page())">
             <ixsl:set-attribute name="data-inherited-subject" select="($in-scope-subject, '')[1]"/>
             <ixsl:set-property name="textContent" select="($in-scope-subject, '')[1]" object="."/>
+            <!-- the readout is a single line that may be narrower than the IRI; @title is where the whole of it
+                 stays reachable. Written wherever textContent is, so the two cannot say different things -->
+            <ixsl:set-attribute name="title" select="($in-scope-subject, '')[1]"/>
         </xsl:for-each>
     </xsl:template>
 
@@ -332,6 +352,7 @@ version="3.0">
         <xsl:for-each select="id('stmt-subject', ixsl:page())">
             <ixsl:set-property name="textContent"
                 select="($value[. ne ''], string(@data-inherited-subject))[1]" object="."/>
+            <ixsl:set-attribute name="title" select="($value[. ne ''], string(@data-inherited-subject))[1]"/>
         </xsl:for-each>
     </xsl:template>
 
diff --git a/src/select.xsl b/src/select.xsl
index da59b5c..c0aff03 100644
--- a/src/select.xsl
+++ b/src/select.xsl
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ version="3.0">
         </xsl:if>
     </xsl:template>
 
-    <!-- a sweep ending over the page background (the host and drag-handle
+    <!-- a sweep ending over the page background (the host and rdfa-editor-drag-handle
          mouseup templates disarm on their own paths - innermost-match
          dispatch means only one of them sees the event) -->
     <xsl:template match="body | html" mode="ixsl:onmouseup">
diff --git a/src/tables.xsl b/src/tables.xsl
index e6e5936..6066316 100644
--- a/src/tables.xsl
+++ b/src/tables.xsl
@@ -116,17 +116,17 @@ version="3.0">
 
     <xsl:template name="rdfae:render-table-dialog">
         <div id="table-dialog" class="rdfa-editor-ui edit-dialog" role="dialog" aria-modal="true"
-                aria-label="Insert table" style="display: none;">
-            <label>Body rows</label>
-            <input type="number" name="rows" value="3" min="1" max="50"/>
-            <label>Columns</label>
-            <input type="number" name="cols" value="3" min="1" max="20"/>
-            <label class="checkbox-label"><input type="checkbox" name="header-row" checked="checked"/> Header row</label>
-            <label>Caption</label>
-            <input type="text" name="caption"/>
+                aria-label="{rdfae:label('insert-table')}" style="display: none;">
+            <label for="table-rows"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('table-body-rows')"/></label>
+            <input type="number" id="table-rows" name="rows" value="3" min="1" max="50"/>
+            <label for="table-cols"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('table-columns')"/></label>
+            <input type="number" id="table-cols" name="cols" value="3" min="1" max="20"/>
+            <label class="{$checkbox-label-class}"><input type="checkbox" name="header-row" checked="checked"/><xsl:text> </xsl:text><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('table-header-row')"/></label>
+            <label for="table-caption"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('caption')"/></label>
+            <input type="text" id="table-caption" name="caption"/>
             <div class="action-buttons">
-                <button type="button" class="btn-primary table-save">Insert</button>
-                <button type="button" class="btn-secondary table-cancel">Cancel</button>
+                <button type="button" class="{$button-primary-class} table-save"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('insert')"/></button>
+                <button type="button" class="{$button-secondary-class} table-cancel"><xsl:value-of select="rdfae:label('cancel')"/></button>
             </div>
         </div>
     </xsl:template>
diff --git a/src/translations.rdf b/src/translations.rdf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c25693e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/translations.rdf
@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- Every user-visible string the editor emits, keyed by rdf:nodeID. A host translates the
+     editor by pointing rdfae:translations() at its own catalog using these same keys. -->
+<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#">
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="add-paragraph">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Add paragraph</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="annotate">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Annotate</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="block-ellipsis">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Block…</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="block-heading-1">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Heading 1</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="block-heading-2">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Heading 2</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="block-heading-3">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Heading 3</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="block-paragraph">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Paragraph</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="block-preformatted">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Preformatted</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="block-type">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Block type</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="bold">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Bold</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="bulleted-list">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Bulleted list</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="cancel">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Cancel</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="canonical-xhtml-rdfa">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Canonical XHTML+RDFa</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="caption">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Caption</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="chart-bar">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Bar chart</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="chart-category-var">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Category variable</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="chart-line">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Line chart</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="chart-scatter">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Scatter chart</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="chart-series-var">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Series variable</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="chart-table">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Table</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="chart-type">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Chart type</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="clear-facet">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Clear</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="close">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Close</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="close-properties">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Close properties</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="close-table-of-contents">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Close table of contents</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="code">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Code</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="confirm-delete-block">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Delete this block?</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="contents">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Contents</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="delete-block">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Delete block</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="delete-column">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Delete column</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="delete-row">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Delete row</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="document-position">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Document position</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="download">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Download</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="drag-to-reorder">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Drag to reorder</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="enter-search-term">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Enter a search term.</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="extracted-rdfxml">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Extracted RDF/XML</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="failed-to-load-block-data">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Failed to load block data</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="figure-alt">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Alternate text (alt)</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="figure-ellipsis">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Figure…</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="figure-src">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Image URL (src)</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="figure-src-placeholder">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">https://... or relative path</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="filter-blocks">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Filter blocks</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="filter-blocks-placeholder">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Filter blocks...</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="find">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Find</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="find-and-replace">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Find and replace</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="find-next">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Find next</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="fragment-id">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Fragment id</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="insert">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Insert</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="insert-block">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Insert block</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="insert-column-left">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Insert column left</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="insert-column-right">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Insert column right</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="insert-figure">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Insert figure</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="insert-row-above">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Insert row above</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="insert-row-below">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Insert row below</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="insert-table">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Insert table</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="italic">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Italic</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="link-href">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Link target (href)</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="match-case">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Match case</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="mode-uri-optional">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Mode URI (optional)</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="no-headings">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">No headings yet.</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="no-matches">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">No matches.</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="no-subject-properties">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">No properties on this subject.</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="numbered-list">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Numbered list</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="output">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Output</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="properties">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Properties</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="query-uri">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Query URI</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="quote">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Quote</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-advanced-summary">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Type, subject &amp; object</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-annotation">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">RDFa annotation</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-datatype">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Literal type (datatype)</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-datatype-placeholder">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Datatype IRI</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-language">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Language (lang)</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-language-help">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Language tag for the literal; ignored when a datatype is set</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-language-placeholder">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">e.g. en, fr-CA</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-object">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Object</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-object-help">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Makes the object a resource instead of the literal value</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-object-link">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Link</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-object-placeholder">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Object IRI</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-object-resource">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Object (resource)</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-object-text">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Text</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-predicate">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Predicate</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-subject">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Subject</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-subject-about">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Subject (about)</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-subject-help">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">IRI or _:blank-node identifier</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-subject-placeholder">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Overrides the subject in scope</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-type-typeof">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Entity type (typeof)</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-validation-issues">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">RDFa validation issues</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="rdfa-value-placeholder">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Literal value</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="remove">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Remove</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="remove-link">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Remove link</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="replace">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Replace</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="replace-all">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Replace all</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="replace-with">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Replace with</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="resource">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Resource</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="resource-uri">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Resource URI</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="result-set-chart">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Result set chart</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="save">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Save</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="source">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Source</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="subject-properties">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Subject properties</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="table-body-rows">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Body rows</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="table-columns">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Columns</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="table-ellipsis">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Table…</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="table-header-row">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Header row</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="table-of-contents">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Table of contents</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="toolbar">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Editing toolbar</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="toolbar-group-block">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Block</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="toolbar-group-block-actions">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Block actions</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="toolbar-group-blocks">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Blocks</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="toolbar-group-table-ops">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Table operations</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="validation-issues">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">Validation issues</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="view">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">View</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+    <rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="view-canonical-source">
+        <rdfs:label xml:lang="en">View canonical source</rdfs:label>
+    </rdf:Description>
+</rdf:RDF>
diff --git a/src/translations.xsl b/src/translations.xsl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..77df9c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/translations.xsl
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<xsl:stylesheet
+xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
+xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
+xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
+xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
+xmlns:ixsl="http://saxonica.com/ns/interactiveXSLT"
+xmlns:rdfae="https://w3id.org/atomgraph/rdfa-editor#"
+exclude-result-prefixes="#all"
+version="3.0">
+
+<!--
+    Every user-visible string the editor emits comes from here, so the chrome can be
+    translated without touching the templates that render it. The catalog is plain
+    RDF/XML - rdf:Description carrying rdfs:label per language, keyed by rdf:nodeID -
+    which is the same shape a host is likely to keep its own strings in.
+
+    A host translates the editor by overriding rdfae:translations() to return its own
+    catalog (import precedence decides), or by pointing $translations-href at another
+    document. Overriding rdfae:label() as well replaces the language selection, for a
+    host that resolves it from something richer than a parameter.
+-->
+
+    <!-- the string catalog. A relative href resolves against the page URI and the host
+         page must preload it into the SaxonJS document pool, exactly as $vocab-hrefs does -->
+    <xsl:param name="translations-href" as="xs:string" select="'translations.rdf'"/>
+
+    <!-- the reader's languages as the browser reports them, reduced to primary subtags so a catalog
+         tagged es-ES answers a browser asking for es-419, deduplicated because es-ES,es yields the same
+         subtag twice, and floored at 'en' when the reader expressed no preference. Two declarations:
+         navigator exists only in the browser, and the editor also compiles under Saxon for its headless
+         tests, where there is no reader to ask -->
+
+    <xsl:function name="rdfae:langs" as="xs:string*" use-when="system-property('xsl:product-name') = 'SaxonJS'">
+        <xsl:variable name="langs" as="xs:string*" select="distinct-values(for $lang in ixsl:get(ixsl:window(), 'navigator.languages') return tokenize($lang, '-')[1])[not(. = ('', '*'))]"/>
+
+        <xsl:sequence select="if (exists($langs)) then $langs else 'en'"/>
+    </xsl:function>
+
+    <xsl:function name="rdfae:langs" as="xs:string*" use-when="not(system-property('xsl:product-name') = 'SaxonJS')">
+        <xsl:sequence select="'en'"/>
+    </xsl:function>
+
+    <!-- the language labels are selected in, defaulting to the reader's own. A host that resolves it
+         from something else - a negotiated Accept-Language, a profile setting - redeclares this -->
+    <xsl:param name="translations-lang" as="xs:string" select="rdfae:langs()[1]"/>
+
+    <!-- keyed by rdf:nodeID, the catalog's own identifiers; also matches rdf:about so a
+         host catalog that names its terms with IRIs resolves through the same lookup -->
+    <xsl:key name="resources" match="*[*][@rdf:about] | *[*][@rdf:nodeID]" use="@rdf:about | @rdf:nodeID"/>
+
+    <!-- one declaration for both products: a relative href resolves against the stylesheet,
+         which is src/ under Saxon and - because the SEF is compiled with -relocate:on - the
+         SEF's load location under SaxonJS, where generate-sef.sh puts a copy. A host page
+         must still preload it into the document pool under that same URI, as it does the
+         vocabularies -->
+
+    <xsl:function name="rdfae:translations" as="document-node()">
+        <xsl:sequence select="document($translations-href)"/>
+    </xsl:function>
+
+    <!-- the label for a catalog key: the exact language, else any variant of it (es-ES
+         answering es), else whatever the catalog holds, else the key itself - an untranslated
+         string is a visible key rather than an empty control -->
+    <xsl:function name="rdfae:label" as="xs:string">
+        <xsl:param name="key" as="xs:string"/>
+
+        <xsl:variable name="labels" as="element()*" select="key('resources', $key, rdfae:translations())/rdfs:label"/>
+        <xsl:sequence select="string(($labels[@xml:lang = $translations-lang], $labels[starts-with(@xml:lang, substring($translations-lang, 1, 2))], $labels, $key)[1])"/>
+    </xsl:function>
+
+</xsl:stylesheet>
diff --git a/src/typeahead.xsl b/src/typeahead.xsl
index a94ff5d..7d2ab16 100644
--- a/src/typeahead.xsl
+++ b/src/typeahead.xsl
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ version="3.0">
             <xsl:result-document href="?." method="ixsl:replace-content">
                 <button type="button" class="typeahead-value" title="{$iri}">
                     <span class="typeahead-label"><xsl:value-of select="$label"/></span>
-                    <span class="typeahead-clear" role="button" aria-label="Clear">&#215;</span>
+                    <span class="typeahead-clear" role="button" aria-label="{rdfae:label('clear-facet')}">&#215;</span>
                     <input type="hidden" name="{$field}" value="{$iri}"/>
                 </button>
             </xsl:result-document>
@@ -321,9 +321,7 @@ version="3.0">
                 </xsl:for-each>
                 <xsl:for-each select="$items[$next]">
                     <ixsl:set-attribute name="aria-selected" select="'true'"/>
-                    <xsl:variable name="opts" select="ixsl:call(ixsl:window(), 'Object', [])"/>
-                    <ixsl:set-property name="block" select="'nearest'" object="$opts"/>
-                    <xsl:sequence select="ixsl:call(., 'scrollIntoView', [ $opts ])[current-date() lt xs:date('2000-01-01')]"/>
+                    <xsl:sequence select="ixsl:call(., 'scrollIntoView', [ map{ 'block': 'nearest' } ])[current-date() lt xs:date('2000-01-01')]"/>
                 </xsl:for-each>
             </xsl:when>
             <xsl:otherwise/>
diff --git a/tests/browser/editor.mjs b/tests/browser/editor.mjs
index 4e6e68d..248361c 100644
--- a/tests/browser/editor.mjs
+++ b/tests/browser/editor.mjs
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ results.dnd = await page.evaluate(async () => {
     const content = document.getElementById('content');
     const dragged = content.querySelector(':scope > p');
     const target = content.querySelector(':scope > blockquote');
-    const handle = dragged.querySelector('.drag-handle');
+    const handle = dragged.querySelector('.rdfa-editor-drag-handle');
     const firstTag = i => content.children[i].tagName;
     handle.dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent('mousedown', { bubbles: true }));
     const draggableSet = dragged.getAttribute('draggable') === 'true';
diff --git a/tests/browser/features.mjs b/tests/browser/features.mjs
index 37354aa..5bbc049 100644
--- a/tests/browser/features.mjs
+++ b/tests/browser/features.mjs
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ await page.evaluate(() => {
     const content = document.getElementById('content');
     const dragged = content.querySelector(':scope > p');
     const target = content.querySelector(':scope > blockquote');
-    dragged.querySelector('.drag-handle').dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent('mousedown', { bubbles: true }));
+    dragged.querySelector('.rdfa-editor-drag-handle').dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent('mousedown', { bubbles: true }));
     const dt = new DataTransfer();
     dt.setData('application/vnd.atomgraph.rdfa-editor.block', '');
     dragged.dispatchEvent(new DragEvent('dragstart', { bubbles: true, dataTransfer: dt }));
diff --git a/tests/browser/multiinstance.mjs b/tests/browser/multiinstance.mjs
index 973c37b..0c5fcaf 100644
--- a/tests/browser/multiinstance.mjs
+++ b/tests/browser/multiinstance.mjs
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ const before = await orders();
 await page.evaluate(() => {
     const block = document.querySelector('#content > p');
     const target = document.querySelector('#notes > p');
-    block.querySelector('.drag-handle').dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent('mousedown', { bubbles: true }));
+    block.querySelector('.rdfa-editor-drag-handle').dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent('mousedown', { bubbles: true }));
     const dt = new DataTransfer();
     dt.setData('application/vnd.atomgraph.rdfa-editor.block', '');
     block.dispatchEvent(new DragEvent('dragstart', { bubbles: true, dataTransfer: dt }));
diff --git a/tests/browser/tables.mjs b/tests/browser/tables.mjs
index c654b57..6114d63 100644
--- a/tests/browser/tables.mjs
+++ b/tests/browser/tables.mjs
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ results.drag = await page.evaluate(() => {
     const dragged = content.querySelector(':scope > table');
     const target = content.querySelector(':scope > blockquote');
     if (!dragged || !target) return { skipped: true };
-    dragged.querySelector('.drag-handle').dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent('mousedown', { bubbles: true }));
+    dragged.querySelector('.rdfa-editor-drag-handle').dispatchEvent(new MouseEvent('mousedown', { bubbles: true }));
     const draggableSet = dragged.getAttribute('draggable') === 'true';
     const dt = new DataTransfer();
     dt.setData('application/vnd.atomgraph.rdfa-editor.block', '');
diff --git a/tests/fixture-blocks.html b/tests/fixture-blocks.html
index f3959ec..db86ac3 100644
--- a/tests/fixture-blocks.html
+++ b/tests/fixture-blocks.html
@@ -14,10 +14,11 @@
                 const ref = document.querySelector('#content div[about]:not([typeof])');
                 ref.setAttribute('about', new URL('../demo/resources/ada/#this', document.baseURI).href);
                 const vocabs = ["vocabs/foaf.rdf", "vocabs/dcterms.rdf"];
-                Promise.all(vocabs.map(href =>
-                        SaxonJS.getResource({ location: "../" + href, type: "xml" })))
-                    .then(resources => {
+                Promise.all([SaxonJS.getResource({ location: "../src/translations.rdf", type: "xml" }), ...vocabs.map(href =>
+                        SaxonJS.getResource({ location: "../" + href, type: "xml" }))])
+                    .then(([catalog, ...resources]) => {
                         const pool = {};
+                        pool[new URL("../dist/translations.rdf", document.baseURI).href] = catalog;   // the catalog resolves against the SEF, the vocabularies against this page
                         vocabs.forEach((href, i) =>
                             pool[new URL(href, document.baseURI).href] = resources[i]);
                         return SaxonJS.transform({
diff --git a/tests/fixture-dragnest.html b/tests/fixture-dragnest.html
index 339d2d9..2d2149b 100644
--- a/tests/fixture-dragnest.html
+++ b/tests/fixture-dragnest.html
@@ -9,10 +9,11 @@
         <script type="text/javascript">
             window.onload = function() {
                 const vocabs = ["vocabs/foaf.rdf", "vocabs/dcterms.rdf"];
-                Promise.all(vocabs.map(href =>
-                        SaxonJS.getResource({ location: "../" + href, type: "xml" })))
-                    .then(resources => {
+                Promise.all([SaxonJS.getResource({ location: "../src/translations.rdf", type: "xml" }), ...vocabs.map(href =>
+                        SaxonJS.getResource({ location: "../" + href, type: "xml" }))])
+                    .then(([catalog, ...resources]) => {
                         const pool = {};
+                        pool[new URL("../dist/translations.rdf", document.baseURI).href] = catalog;   // the catalog resolves against the SEF, the vocabularies against this page
                         vocabs.forEach((href, i) =>
                             pool[new URL(href, document.baseURI).href] = resources[i]);
                         return SaxonJS.transform({
diff --git a/tests/fixture-nesting.html b/tests/fixture-nesting.html
index b9e1af8..d5cc2f0 100644
--- a/tests/fixture-nesting.html
+++ b/tests/fixture-nesting.html
@@ -9,10 +9,11 @@
         <script type="text/javascript">
             window.onload = function() {
                 const vocabs = ["vocabs/foaf.rdf", "vocabs/dcterms.rdf"];
-                Promise.all(vocabs.map(href =>
-                        SaxonJS.getResource({ location: "../" + href, type: "xml" })))
-                    .then(resources => {
+                Promise.all([SaxonJS.getResource({ location: "../src/translations.rdf", type: "xml" }), ...vocabs.map(href =>
+                        SaxonJS.getResource({ location: "../" + href, type: "xml" }))])
+                    .then(([catalog, ...resources]) => {
                         const pool = {};
+                        pool[new URL("../dist/translations.rdf", document.baseURI).href] = catalog;   // the catalog resolves against the SEF, the vocabularies against this page
                         vocabs.forEach((href, i) =>
                             pool[new URL(href, document.baseURI).href] = resources[i]);
                         return SaxonJS.transform({
diff --git a/tests/fixture.html b/tests/fixture.html
index bd12578..6dce26e 100644
--- a/tests/fixture.html
+++ b/tests/fixture.html
@@ -9,16 +9,17 @@
 		  <script type="text/javascript" src="../lib/xml-c14n-sync.js"></script>
 		  <script type="text/javascript">
 				window.onload = function() {
-					// preload the vocabulary documents into the SaxonJS document pool,
+					// preload the vocabulary documents and the string catalog into the SaxonJS document pool,
 					// so doc() resolves them synchronously during initialization
 					// keys stay page-relative (matching the stylesheet's vocab-hrefs,
 					// resolved against this page); the files are fetched from ../vocabs/
 					// since this fixture lives under tests/ and the vocabs at the repo root
 					const vocabs = ["vocabs/foaf.rdf", "vocabs/dcterms.rdf"];
-					Promise.all(vocabs.map(href =>
-							SaxonJS.getResource({ location: "../" + href, type: "xml" })))
-						.then(resources => {
+					Promise.all([SaxonJS.getResource({ location: "../src/translations.rdf", type: "xml" }), ...vocabs.map(href =>
+							SaxonJS.getResource({ location: "../" + href, type: "xml" }))])
+						.then(([catalog, ...resources]) => {
 							const pool = {};
+							pool[new URL("../dist/translations.rdf", document.baseURI).href] = catalog;   // the catalog resolves against the SEF, the vocabularies against this page
 							vocabs.forEach((href, i) =>
 								pool[new URL(href, document.baseURI).href] = resources[i]);
 							return SaxonJS.transform({
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/08-rendering-skip.xhtml b/tests/fixtures/08-rendering-skip.xhtml
index 2210f31..71b4760 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/08-rendering-skip.xhtml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/08-rendering-skip.xhtml
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
     <body about="">
         <figure about="#chart" typeof="http://schema.org/Dataset">
-            <span data-role="chrome" class="drag-handle">&#x2800;&#x28FF;</span>
+            <span data-role="chrome" class="rdfa-editor-drag-handle">&#x2800;&#x28FF;</span>
             <figcaption property="http://purl.org/dc/terms/title"><span data-role="chrome">&#x2800;</span>Sales</figcaption>
             <span property="http://schema.org/encodingFormat" content="image/svg+xml"></span>
             <div data-role="rendering">
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/canonical/01-chrome-strip.xhtml b/tests/fixtures/canonical/01-chrome-strip.xhtml
index 3fdf300..4205f66 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/canonical/01-chrome-strip.xhtml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/canonical/01-chrome-strip.xhtml
@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" id="content" about=""
      typeof="https://www.w3.org/ns/ldt/document-hierarchy#Container">
     <p contenteditable="true" draggable="true" class="dragging"><span data-role="chrome"
-        class="drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>First paragraph.</p>
-    <h2 contenteditable="true"><span data-role="chrome" class="drag-handle"
+        class="rdfa-editor-drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>First paragraph.</p>
+    <h2 contenteditable="true"><span data-role="chrome" class="rdfa-editor-drag-handle"
         contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>A heading</h2>
     <ul>
-        <span data-role="chrome" class="drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>
+        <span data-role="chrome" class="rdfa-editor-drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>
         <li contenteditable="true">Item one</li>
         <li contenteditable="true">Item two</li>
     </ul>
-    <blockquote contenteditable="true"><span data-role="chrome" class="drag-handle"
+    <blockquote contenteditable="true"><span data-role="chrome" class="rdfa-editor-drag-handle"
         contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>A quote.</blockquote>
     <figure>
-        <span data-role="chrome" class="drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>
+        <span data-role="chrome" class="rdfa-editor-drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>
         <img src="pic.png" alt="Pic"/>
         <figcaption contenteditable="true">Caption</figcaption>
     </figure>
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/canonical/02-rendering-strip.xhtml b/tests/fixtures/canonical/02-rendering-strip.xhtml
index 57982d5..7e8139e 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/canonical/02-rendering-strip.xhtml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/canonical/02-rendering-strip.xhtml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" id="content" about="">
     <figure about="#top-selling" typeof="https://w3id.org/atomgraph/linkeddatahub#ResultSetChart">
-        <span data-role="chrome" class="drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>
+        <span data-role="chrome" class="rdfa-editor-drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>
         <figcaption property="http://purl.org/dc/terms/title" contenteditable="true">Top selling</figcaption>
         <span property="http://spinrdf.org/spin#query" resource="#products-query"></span>
         <span property="https://w3id.org/atomgraph/linkeddatahub#categoryVarName" content="productName"></span>
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/canonical/08-editor-emission-roundtrip.xhtml b/tests/fixtures/canonical/08-editor-emission-roundtrip.xhtml
index dbd36eb..127b1cb 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/canonical/08-editor-emission-roundtrip.xhtml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/canonical/08-editor-emission-roundtrip.xhtml
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" id="content" about="">
-    <p contenteditable="true"><span data-role="chrome" class="drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>Author
+    <p contenteditable="true"><span data-role="chrome" class="rdfa-editor-drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>Author
         <span property="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name">John Doe</span>
         wrote this <span property="http://purl.org/dc/terms/created" content="2024-06-01">last month</span>.
         Reviewed by <span property="http://schema.org/author" typeof="http://schema.org/Person">Jane Smith</span>.
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/canonical/23-ldh-block-placeholder.xhtml b/tests/fixtures/canonical/23-ldh-block-placeholder.xhtml
index f98c8bb..7c24cc4 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/canonical/23-ldh-block-placeholder.xhtml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/canonical/23-ldh-block-placeholder.xhtml
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
     <div about="#chart1"
             typeof="https://w3id.org/atomgraph/linkeddatahub#ResultSetChart"
             class="rdfa-editor-island rdfa-editor-loading" tabindex="-1">
-        <span data-role="chrome" class="drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>
+        <span data-role="chrome" class="rdfa-editor-drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>
         <span property="http://spinrdf.org/spin#query" resource="queries/population/#this"></span>
         <span property="https://w3id.org/atomgraph/linkeddatahub#chartType" resource="https://w3id.org/atomgraph/client#BarChart"></span>
         <span property="https://w3id.org/atomgraph/linkeddatahub#categoryVarName">country</span>
diff --git a/tests/fixtures/canonical/23-nested-chrome-strip.xhtml b/tests/fixtures/canonical/23-nested-chrome-strip.xhtml
index a26e628..4f45a83 100644
--- a/tests/fixtures/canonical/23-nested-chrome-strip.xhtml
+++ b/tests/fixtures/canonical/23-nested-chrome-strip.xhtml
@@ -1,26 +1,26 @@
 <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" id="content" about=""
      typeof="https://www.w3.org/ns/ldt/document-hierarchy#Container">
-    <p contenteditable="true"><span data-role="chrome" class="drag-handle"
+    <p contenteditable="true"><span data-role="chrome" class="rdfa-editor-drag-handle"
         contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>Intro paragraph.</p>
     <ul>
-        <span data-role="chrome" class="drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>
+        <span data-role="chrome" class="rdfa-editor-drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>
         <li><p class="rdfa-editor-run" contenteditable="true">Object holder</p><div
                 about="#note" typeof="https://example.org/ns#Note" contenteditable="true"
-                draggable="true" class="dragging"><span data-role="chrome" class="drag-handle"
+                draggable="true" class="dragging"><span data-role="chrome" class="rdfa-editor-drag-handle"
                 contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span><span property="https://example.org/ns#value">Note body</span></div></li>
         <li><p contenteditable="true" class="drop-after"><span data-role="chrome"
-                class="drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>Block item</p><blockquote>
-                <span data-role="chrome" class="drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>
-                <p contenteditable="true"><span data-role="chrome" class="drag-handle"
+                class="rdfa-editor-drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>Block item</p><blockquote>
+                <span data-role="chrome" class="rdfa-editor-drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>
+                <p contenteditable="true"><span data-role="chrome" class="rdfa-editor-drag-handle"
                     contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>Quote in item</p>
             </blockquote></li>
     </ul>
     <table>
-        <span data-role="chrome" class="drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>
+        <span data-role="chrome" class="rdfa-editor-drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>
         <tbody>
             <tr>
                 <td><p class="rdfa-editor-run" contenteditable="true">Cell text</p><ul>
-                        <span data-role="chrome" class="drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>
+                        <span data-role="chrome" class="rdfa-editor-drag-handle" contenteditable="false">&#x28FF;</span>
                         <li contenteditable="true">cell item</li>
                     </ul></td>
             </tr>