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Goloboff, P.A. (1999). Analyzing large data sets in reasonable times: solutions for composite optima. Cladistics 15(4): 415–428. doi:10.1006/clad.1999.0122
Nixon, K.C. (1999). The Parsimony Ratchet, a new method for rapid parsimony analysis. Cladistics 15(4): 407–414. doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.1999.tb00277.x
Parsimony ratchet: weight perturbation to escape local optima
Goloboff2016
Goloboff, P.A. & Catalano, S.A. (2016). TNT version 1.5, including a full implementation of phylogenetic morphometrics. Cladistics 32(3): 221–238. doi:10.1111/cla.12160
§3.3: biased taxon-addition order for Wagner trees; stochastic sampling from informativeness-weighted distribution (T-188)
Kluge1969
Kluge, A.G. & Farris, J.S. (1969). Quantitative phyletics and the evolution of anurans. Systematic Zoology 18(1): 1–32.
Original Wagner tree construction
NNI Perturbation
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Nguyen2015
Nguyen, L.-T., Schmidt, H.A., von Haeseler, A. & Minh, B.Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: A Fast and Effective Stochastic Algorithm for Estimating Maximum-Likelihood Phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution 32(1): 268–274. doi:10.1093/molbev/msu300
Fitch, W.M. (1971). Toward defining the course of evolution: Minimum change for a specific tree topology. Systematic Zoology 20(4): 406–416.
Standard Fitch parsimony algorithm
Brazeau2019
Brazeau, M.D., Guillerme, T. & Smith, M.R. (2019). An algorithm for morphological phylogenetic analysis with inapplicable data. Systematic Biology 68(4): 619–631. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syy083
Three-pass inapplicable algorithm (NA scoring)
Inapplicable-Handling Alternatives
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Hopkins2021
Hopkins, M.J. & St. John, K. (2021). A new approach to inapplicable characters in phylogenetics. Systematic Biology 70(4): 764–781.
HSJ dissimilarity-metric scoring (T-116–T-118)
Goloboff2021
Goloboff, P.A., Torres, A. & Arias, J.S. (2021). Weighted parsimony outperforms other methods of phylogenetic inference under models appropriate for morphology. Cladistics 37(6): 569–588.
X-transformation recoding for step-matrix inapplicable handling (T-122)
Implied Weighting
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Goloboff1993
Goloboff, P.A. (1993). Estimating character weights during tree search. Cladistics 9(1): 83–91.
Implied weighting: k/(e+k)
Goloboff2018
Goloboff, P.A., Torres, A. & Arias, J.S. (2018). Weighted parsimony outperforms other methods of phylogenetic inference under models appropriate for morphology. Cladistics 35(4): 407–437. doi:10.1111/cla.12prior
Recommended k≈10; IW outperforms EW on morphological data
Resampling
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Goloboff2003
Goloboff, P.A. et al. (2003). Improvements to resampling measures of group support. Cladistics 19(4): 324–332. doi:10.1016/S0748-3007(03)00060-4