diff --git a/Lib/dataclasses.py b/Lib/dataclasses.py
index bd317aa9b0f2f3..9ec9bce2cf9083 100644
--- a/Lib/dataclasses.py
+++ b/Lib/dataclasses.py
@@ -822,6 +822,13 @@ def _get_field(cls, a_name, a_type, default_kw_only):
     # If the default value isn't derived from Field, then it's only a
     # normal default value.  Convert it to a Field().
     default = getattr(cls, a_name, MISSING)
+    # Check if default is a data descriptor that returns itself when
+    # accessed at the class level, meaning it is not providing a
+    # default value.
+    if (hasattr(default, "__get__") and default is cls.__dict__.get(a_name)
+            and (hasattr(default, "__set__") or hasattr(default, "__delete__"))):
+        default = MISSING
+
     if isinstance(default, Field):
         f = default
     else:
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_dataclasses/__init__.py b/Lib/test/test_dataclasses/__init__.py
index a89999bb97938c..6c297b6ca8d441 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_dataclasses/__init__.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_dataclasses/__init__.py
@@ -4375,6 +4375,23 @@ class C:
         with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'missing 1 required positional argument'):
             c = C()
 
+    def test_return_self_no_default_value(self):
+        class D:
+            def __get__(self, instance: Any, owner: object) -> Any:
+                if instance is None:
+                    return self
+                return instance._x
+
+            def __set__(self, instance: Any, value: int) -> None:
+                instance._x = value
+
+        @dataclass
+        class C:
+            i: D = D()
+
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError, 'missing 1 required positional argument'):
+            c = C()
+
 class TestStringAnnotations(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_classvar(self):
         # Some expressions recognized as ClassVar really aren't.  But
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-02-17-23-50-41.gh-issue-144749.sv3Ztr.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-02-17-23-50-41.gh-issue-144749.sv3Ztr.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..08911be699832d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2026-02-17-23-50-41.gh-issue-144749.sv3Ztr.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Previously, descriptors that return themselves from calls to :meth:`~object.__get__` were
+treated as default values in :mod:`dataclasses`. Now, a :exc:`TypeError` is raised if no
+initial value is provided to the :mod:`dataclass <dataclasses>` constructor.