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[docs] fix outdated and missing apt packages in QEMU Linux quick start #11789

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[docs] fix outdated and missing apt packages in QEMU Linux quick start #11789

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33 changes: 22 additions & 11 deletions documentation/2.quick-start/quick_start_qemu/quick_start_qemu_linux.md
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -7,19 +7,25 @@ The development of embedded software is inseparable from the development board.
We need to type commands as following in the terminal:

```shell
sudo apt install gcc
sudo apt install python3
sudo apt install python3-pip
sudo apt install gcc-arm-none-eabi
sudo apt install gdb-arm-none-eabi
sudo apt install binutils-arm-none-eabi
sudo apt install scons
sudo apt install libncurses5-dev
sudo apt install qemu
sudo apt install qemu-system-arm
sudo apt install git
sudo apt install git gcc scons python3 python3-kconfiglib \
gcc-arm-none-eabi binutils-arm-none-eabi libstdc++-arm-none-eabi-newlib \
gdb-multiarch qemu-system-arm libncurses-dev
```

> Note for users of older tutorials or older distributions: several package
> names used to be different, and some no longer exist at all. If a package is
> reported as not found, check the table below:
>
> | Old package name | Current package name | Reason |
> | ---------------- | -------------------- | ------ |
> | `gdb-arm-none-eabi` | `gdb-multiarch` | Dropped since Debian 11 / Ubuntu 22.04 |
> | `qemu` | `qemu-system-arm` | The `qemu` meta-package has been split up; install only the ARM system emulator |
> | `libncurses5-dev` | `libncurses-dev` | The `ncurses5` transitional package has been removed |
>
> `libstdc++-arm-none-eabi-newlib` is required at link time. Without it the
> build fails with `cannot find -lsupc++`, which does not make the missing
> package obvious.

## 2 Get RT-Thread source code

Download RT-Thread Source Code : `git clone https://github.com/RT-Thread/rt-thread.git`
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -75,6 +81,11 @@ Type following the command under `bsp/qemu-vexpress-a9` folder:
scons --menuconfig
```

`scons --menuconfig` requires `kconfiglib`. It is installed as
`python3-kconfiglib` by the command in chapter 1. Installing it with
`pip install kconfiglib` instead fails on recent Debian/Ubuntu releases,
because PEP 668 marks the system Python environment as externally managed.

The Env tool will be installed and initialized after using the `scons --menuconfig` command. Then it will enter the configuration interface, and you could configure the BSP:

![install env tool](figures/ubuntu-menuconfig.png)
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