Implement external ownership for AES-GCM context by eddyashton · Pull Request #8178 · microsoft/CCF

Eddy Ashton (eddyashton) · 2026-08-19T12:12:06Z

This pull request implements an alternative approach to the context object ownership as discussed in #8170. The key changes include:

External Ownership: Introduced an externally owned KeyAesGcm::Context that can be created through make_context(), allowing for faster encryption and decryption calls.
Thread-Safe API: Preserved the existing thread-safe convenience API by maintaining the creation of fresh contexts for direct KeyAesGcm::encrypt/decrypt calls.
Reusable Context: Each LedgerSecret now owns a reusable context, synchronized with a mutex to ensure thread safety.
Benchmark Improvements: Updated benchmarks to reflect the performance of the new implementation, showing significant latency reductions compared to previous versions.
Code Simplification: Removed unnecessary provider-fetch logic for cipher selection, reverting to static EVP_aes_*_gcm() calls for improved performance.

Validation

All targeted tests passed successfully.
Benchmark results indicate improved performance:
- 64 bytes: 265 ns/op (compared to 522 ns/op from the previous context pool implementation).
- 1 KiB: 429 ns/op.

This implementation enhances the performance and usability of the AES-GCM encryption while ensuring thread safety and compatibility with existing APIs.

Co-authored-by: eddyashton <6000239+eddyashton@users.noreply.github.com>

Copilot

Pull request overview

This PR extends CCF’s AES-GCM symmetric key abstraction to support externally owned, reusable “pre-keyed” cipher contexts (KeyAesGcm::Context via make_context()), and wires this into ledger encryption by giving each LedgerSecret a reusable context protected by a mutex. It also adds new concurrency/behavior tests and a microbenchmark to validate and measure the new approach.

Changes:

Introduce ccf::crypto::KeyAesGcm::Context and make_context() for reusable, non-concurrently-used AES-GCM contexts.
Update the OpenSSL AES-GCM implementation to create and reuse pre-keyed EVP_CIPHER_CTX instances.
Update ledger encryption to use LedgerSecret-owned reusable contexts, plus add concurrent tests and an AES-GCM benchmark.

Custom instructions used:

.github/copilot-instructions.md
.github/instructions/reviewing.instructions.md

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 9 out of 9 changed files in this pull request and generated 5 comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
src/node/test/encryptor.cpp	Adds a concurrent encrypt/decrypt test and strengthens rollback lifetime checks.
src/node/ledger_secret.h	Adds per-`LedgerSecret` reusable AES-GCM context with mutex-guarded encrypt/decrypt helpers.
src/kv/encryptor.h	Switches to retrieving `LedgerSecret` and calling its encrypt/decrypt wrappers.
src/crypto/test/crypto.cpp	Adds AES-GCM context-reuse, empty-input, and concurrency tests.
src/crypto/test/bench.cpp	Adds AES-GCM encryption microbench using a reusable context.
src/crypto/openssl/symmetric_key.h	Adds `make_context()` to the OpenSSL-backed AES-GCM key and moves cleansing to out-of-line dtor.
src/crypto/openssl/symmetric_key.cpp	Refactors AES-GCM encrypt/decrypt around reusable pre-keyed contexts.
include/ccf/crypto/symmetric_key.h	Extends public API with `KeyAesGcm::Context` and `make_context()`.
CHANGELOG.md	Documents the new public API for reusable AES-GCM contexts.

Suppressed comments (4)

src/crypto/openssl/symmetric_key.cpp:152

On authentication failure, decrypt_with_context() returns false without clearing the output buffer. Callers that reuse the plain vector can accidentally observe stale plaintext from a previous successful decrypt.

      if (EVP_DecryptFinal_ex(ctx, nullptr, &final_outl) != 1)
      {
        return false;
      }

src/crypto/openssl/symmetric_key.cpp:165

decrypt_with_context() only assigns to the output plain when cipher is non-empty. For valid AAD-only messages (empty cipher), the function returns true but leaves plain unchanged, so callers reusing the vector may see stale data.

      if (!cipher.empty())
      {
        plain = std::move(plaintext);
      }

src/crypto/openssl/symmetric_key.cpp:157

Typo in comment: should refer to GCM (not GSM) and fix grammar (“As long as …”).

      // As long a we use GSM cipher, the final outl must be 0, because there's
      // no padding and the block size is equal to 1, so EncryptUpdate() always
      // does the whole thing. Final is still a must to finalize and check the
      // error.

src/crypto/test/crypto.cpp:921

Similarly, this empty-cipher decrypt assertion seeds decrypted as empty, so it won’t catch a bug where decrypt() returns true but leaves stale data in the output buffer. Seed the output with non-empty data first.

  decrypted.clear();
  REQUIRE(empty_aes_gcm_key->decrypt(iv, empty_tag, {}, {}, decrypted));
  REQUIRE(decrypted.empty());

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…m-contexts' into agents/context-object-ownership-implementation

github-actions · 2026-08-27T11:26:54Z

Description

Comparing 2 available runs from this branch (#8178) against the trend of the last 30 main runs.

Each chart plots every benchmark as an axis, with values normalized so 100 is the EWMA baseline of recent main runs, using a 7-run half-life. The 2 orange branch lines run from the oldest (faintest) to the latest (darkest and thickest); the darker blue band is the main baseline +/- 1 std dev and the lighter blue band around it is +/- 2 std dev.

Axis labels show the latest branch value and its difference from the main EWMA baseline, where 0% is on the baseline. They are coloured green where the latest run improves on the baseline, red where it regresses, and grey where the difference is within one std dev of the baseline (within noise). Higher is better for throughput and rate, lower for latency and memory.

A benchmark which does not exist on main yet has no baseline of its own, so its earliest available run from this branch is used as its reference and its band is measured across this branch's runs. Its axis is normalized, scaled and coloured like any other, but the comparison is against this branch rather than against main.

Throughput (tx/s)

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Copilot AI and others added 2 commits August 18, 2026 15:17

Initial plan

8573637

Reuse pre-keyed AES-GCM contexts

6686bf4

Co-authored-by: eddyashton <6000239+eddyashton@users.noreply.github.com>

Eddy Ashton (eddyashton) requested a review from a team as a code owner August 19, 2026 12:12

Copilot AI lite review requested due to automatic review settings August 19, 2026 12:12

Copilot started reviewing on behalf of Eddy Ashton (eddyashton) August 19, 2026 12:14 View session

Copilot AI reviewed Aug 19, 2026

View reviewed changes

Comment thread src/node/test/encryptor.cpp

Comment thread src/crypto/openssl/symmetric_key.cpp Outdated

Comment thread src/crypto/openssl/symmetric_key.cpp Outdated

Comment thread src/crypto/test/crypto.cpp

Comment thread CHANGELOG.md Outdated

Eddy Ashton (eddyashton) mentioned this pull request Aug 19, 2026

Reuse pre-keyed AES-GCM contexts for ledger encryption #8170

Closed

Eddy Ashton (eddyashton) added 3 commits August 27, 2026 10:45

Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/copilot/reuse-initialised-aes-gc…

8c593f7

…m-contexts' into agents/context-object-ownership-implementation

Agent Host changes for agents/context-object-ownership-implementation

1163f59

Update changelog and refactor OpenSSL symmetric key implementation

9d78605

Eddy Ashton (eddyashton) force-pushed the agents/context-object-ownership-implementation branch from 7b91ee1 to 9d78605 Compare August 27, 2026 10:49

Eddy Ashton (eddyashton) added the bench-ab label Aug 27, 2026

Eddy Ashton (eddyashton) added bench-ab and removed bench-ab labels Aug 27, 2026

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Implement external ownership for AES-GCM context - #8178

Implement external ownership for AES-GCM context#8178
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